14.2. Streams and Floods – Vocabulary
Section 14.0 Introduction
- stream
- waterfall
- canyon
- erosion
- transportation
- sediment
- Earth’s surface
- topography
- storm
- snowmelt
- torrent / torrential
- spill
- bank
- flood
- infrastructure
- population
- natural disaster
Section 14.1 The hydrological cycle
- hydrology
- hydrologic cycle
- evaporate
- transpiration
- solar energy
- gas / gaseous
- water droplet
- ice crystal
- lake
- ocean
- groundwater
- infiltrate
- pore
- crack
- groundwater flow path
- intersect
- precipitation
- condensation
- runoff
- storage
- groundwater discharge
- reservoir
- salty
- saltwater
- freshwater
- ice
- glacial ice
- water supply
- atmosphere
- water vapour
- stream flow
- surface water
- ocean water
- residence time
Section 14.2 Drainage basins
- drainage basin
- watershed
- groundwater flow
- gradient
- rate of change
- elevation
- steep gradient
- shallow gradient
- valley
- erosion
- mass wasting
- tectonic uplift
- glacial erosion
- post-glacial
- base level
- inundate / inundation
- drainage basin divide
- boundary
- ridge
- tributary / tributaries
- underlying rock
- structures
- fold
- fault
- fracture
- tilt / tilted
- dendritic drainage
- trellis drainage
- rectangular
- deranged drainage
- lake
- wetland
- radial drainage
- radiate
- downcutting
- graded stream
- headwaters
- mouth
- ungraded stream
- rapids
- topographic profile
- upstream
- downstream
- ungraded
- base level change
- river channel
- flood plain
- terrace
- cycle of erosion
- immature
- V-shaped valley
- straight path
- mature / maturity
- meander / meandering
- channel wall
- Davis cycle
- stream evolution
- isostatic rebound
- glaciation
- dam reservoir
Section 14.3 Stream erosion and deposition
- sediment transport
- stream velocity
- flow / flowing
- geometry
- stream channel
- flow velocity
- friction
- stream bed
- curve / curved
- discharge
- cross-sectional area
- turbulence / turbulent
- medium
- chaotic
- muddy
- laminar flow
- bedload
- saltation
- collide / colliding
- traction
- suspend / suspension
- suspended load
- dissolve / dissolved
- dissolved load
- solubility
- ions
- mass
- grain
- deposit / deposited / deposition
- erode / erosion
- transport / transportation
- Hjulström-Sundborg Diagram
- stationary
- levee
- natural levee
- bank-full stage
- elevated
- flood control measure
- engineered solution
Section 14.4 Stream types
- stream channel
- straight
- curved
- deep
- shallow
- youthful stream
- course sediment
- downcutting
- ungraded
- step-pool
- morphology
- V-shaped valley
- canyon
- mountainous terrain
- U-shaped valley
- braided stream
- gravel bar
- current
- sinuous
- flow pattern
- point bar
- meander / meandering
- migrate / migration
- oxbow lake
- neck
- bend
- delta
- stream velocity
Section 14.5 Flooding
- discharge level
- variable / variability / variations
- water level
- stage
- flood stage
- snow pack
- rainfall
- dyke / dike
- breach
- inundate / inundated
- maximum stage
- discharge
- economic toll
- floodway
- emergency plan
- annual discharge
- peak
- peak flow
Other Vocabulary
- hydrosphere
- drainage system
- graded profile
- straight channel
- artificial levee
- stream order
- first-order basin
- continental watershed
- solution load
- desalination
- sustainable
- unsustainable
- industrial use
- domestic use
- irrigation
- contamination
- recharge
- water stress
- water scarcity
- water use
- water demand
- water quality
- eutrophication
- flux
- groundwater table
- evapotranspiration
- impervious
- humidity
- orographic precipitation
- rain shadow
- drought
- arid region
- urbanization
- thalweg
- undercut bank
- Island
- normal discharge
- flood stage
- alluvium
- dynamic equilibrium
- fluvial
- stream piracy / stream capture
- headward erosion
- dredging
- hydroelectric dam
- incised channel
- alluvial terrace
- alluvial fan
- progradation
- bottomset beds
- foreset beds
- topset beds
- delta plain
- avulsion
